<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with Wdesk from Workiva-->
<!--Copyright 2022 Workiva-->
<!--r:4d75eead-501e-480c-a44f-a258172d07dd,g:90e8818e-5693-40e4-81bf-153532f051bf-->
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:vcel="http://vcel.com/20220331" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://vcel.com/20220331">
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2021-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2021/elts/srt-2021-01-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2021/elts/us-gaap-2021-01-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd"/>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="vcel-20220331_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="vcel-20220331_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="vcel-20220331_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="vcel-20220331_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:roleType id="Cover" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/Cover">
        <link:definition>0001001 - Document - Cover</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETS" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETS">
        <link:definition>1001002 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETSParenthetical" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETSParenthetical">
        <link:definition>1002003 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFOPERATIONS" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFOPERATIONS">
        <link:definition>1003004 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCOMPREHENSIVELOSS" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCOMPREHENSIVELOSS">
        <link:definition>1004005 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFSHAREHOLDERSEQUITY" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFSHAREHOLDERSEQUITY">
        <link:definition>1005006 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCASHFLOWS" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCASHFLOWS">
        <link:definition>1006007 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Organization" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/Organization">
        <link:definition>2101101 - Disclosure - Organization</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OrganizationDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/OrganizationDetails">
        <link:definition>2402401 - Disclosure - Organization (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BasisofPresentation" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/BasisofPresentation">
        <link:definition>2103102 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BasisofPresentationPolicies" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/BasisofPresentationPolicies">
        <link:definition>2204201 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Policies)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Revenue" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/Revenue">
        <link:definition>2105103 - Disclosure - Revenue</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/RevenueTables">
        <link:definition>2306301 - Disclosure - Revenue (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/RevenueNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2407402 - Disclosure - Revenue - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueDisaggregationofRevenueDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/RevenueDisaggregationofRevenueDetails">
        <link:definition>2408403 - Disclosure - Revenue - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueSchedulesofconcentrationofriskDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/RevenueSchedulesofconcentrationofriskDetails">
        <link:definition>2409404 - Disclosure - Revenue - Schedules of concentration of risk (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SelectedBalanceSheetComponents" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/SelectedBalanceSheetComponents">
        <link:definition>2110104 - Disclosure - Selected Balance Sheet Components</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsTables">
        <link:definition>2311302 - Disclosure - Selected Balance Sheet Components (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofinventoryDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofinventoryDetails">
        <link:definition>2412405 - Disclosure - Selected Balance Sheet Components - Schedule of inventory (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofpropertyandequipmentnetDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofpropertyandequipmentnetDetails">
        <link:definition>2413406 - Disclosure - Selected Balance Sheet Components - Schedule of property and equipment, net (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2414407 - Disclosure - Selected Balance Sheet Components - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofaccruedexpensesDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofaccruedexpensesDetails">
        <link:definition>2415408 - Disclosure - Selected Balance Sheet Components - Schedule of accrued expenses (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Leases" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/Leases">
        <link:definition>2116105 - Disclosure - Leases</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="LeasesTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/LeasesTables">
        <link:definition>2317303 - Disclosure - Leases (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="LeasesNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/LeasesNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2418409 - Disclosure - Leases - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="LeasesAssetsAndLiabilitiesDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/LeasesAssetsAndLiabilitiesDetails">
        <link:definition>2419410 - Disclosure - Leases - Assets And Liabilities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensation" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/StockBasedCompensation">
        <link:definition>2120106 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensationTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/StockBasedCompensationTables">
        <link:definition>2321304 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensationExpenseDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/StockBasedCompensationExpenseDetails">
        <link:definition>2422411 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation - Expense (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensationNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/StockBasedCompensationNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2423412 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Investments" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/Investments">
        <link:definition>2124107 - Disclosure - Investments</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="InvestmentsTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/InvestmentsTables">
        <link:definition>2325305 - Disclosure - Investments (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="InvestmentsDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/InvestmentsDetails">
        <link:definition>2426413 - Disclosure - Investments (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurements" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/FairValueMeasurements">
        <link:definition>2127108 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurementsTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables">
        <link:definition>2328306 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurementsDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetails">
        <link:definition>2429414 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetLossPerCommonShare" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/NetLossPerCommonShare">
        <link:definition>2130109 - Disclosure - Net Loss Per Common Share</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetLossPerCommonShareTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/NetLossPerCommonShareTables">
        <link:definition>2331307 - Disclosure - Net Loss Per Common Share (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetLossPerCommonShareDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/NetLossPerCommonShareDetails">
        <link:definition>2432415 - Disclosure - Net Loss Per Common Share (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NexoBridLicenseandSupplyAgreements" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/NexoBridLicenseandSupplyAgreements">
        <link:definition>2133110 - Disclosure - NexoBrid License and Supply Agreements</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NexoBridLicenseandSupplyAgreementsDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/NexoBridLicenseandSupplyAgreementsDetails">
        <link:definition>2434416 - Disclosure - NexoBrid License and Supply Agreements (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingencies" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CommitmentsandContingencies">
        <link:definition>2135111 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
    </xs:appinfo>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:element id="vcel_A25NetworkDriveBurlingtonMassachusettsMember" abstract="true" name="A25NetworkDriveBurlingtonMassachusettsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_NexoBridMember" abstract="true" name="NexoBridMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LesseeOperatingLeaseMonthlyContractualPayments" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseMonthlyContractualPayments" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LesseeLeaseCommencementRentPaymentStartDateTerm" abstract="false" name="LesseeLeaseCommencementRentPaymentStartDateTerm" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LicenseAgreementSupplyAgreementTerm" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementSupplyAgreementTerm" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_MediWoundLtdMember" abstract="true" name="MediWoundLtdMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LesseeLeaseCommencementGracePeriod" abstract="false" name="LesseeLeaseCommencementGracePeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContractualMaturityPeriod" abstract="false" name="DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContractualMaturityPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LicenseAgreementInitialMilestoneSales" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementInitialMilestoneSales" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_NumberOfProducts" abstract="false" name="NumberOfProducts" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LicenseAgreementContingentConsideration" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementContingentConsideration" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_ImplantsMember" abstract="true" name="ImplantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LicenseAgreementContingentConsiderationMaximum" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementContingentConsiderationMaximum" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLeasesTableTextBlock" abstract="false" name="AssetsAndLiabilitiesLeasesTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LesseeOperatingLeaseTenantImprovementAllowance" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseTenantImprovementAllowance" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LesseeOperatingLeaseAnnualLeaseIncreaseLimitPercentage" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseAnnualLeaseIncreaseLimitPercentage" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_RightOfUseAsset" abstract="false" name="RightOfUseAsset" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LeaseOptionToExtendTerm" abstract="false" name="LeaseOptionToExtendTerm" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_ComputerEquipmentAndComputerSoftwareIntangibleAssetMember" abstract="false" name="ComputerEquipmentAndComputerSoftwareIntangibleAssetMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_NumberOfContractedSpecialtyPharmacies" abstract="false" name="NumberOfContractedSpecialtyPharmacies" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_RevenueRevenueRecognizedChangeinUncollectibleAnalysisPercentage" abstract="false" name="RevenueRevenueRecognizedChangeinUncollectibleAnalysisPercentage" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LicenseAgreementTextBlock" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LetterOfCreditCashDeposit" abstract="false" name="LetterOfCreditCashDeposit" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LesseeOperatingLeaseAnnualLeasePerSquareFoot" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseAnnualLeasePerSquareFoot" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_MACIImplantsAndKitsMemberMember" abstract="true" name="MACIImplantsAndKitsMemberMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LetterOfCreditCashDepositLeaseYearThree" abstract="false" name="LetterOfCreditCashDepositLeaseYearThree" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LetterOfCreditCashDepositLeaseYearFour" abstract="false" name="LetterOfCreditCashDepositLeaseYearFour" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_AccruedExpensesOtherCurrent" abstract="false" name="AccruedExpensesOtherCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_EpicelMember" abstract="true" name="EpicelMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_EmployeeStockAndEmployeeStockOptionMember" abstract="true" name="EmployeeStockAndEmployeeStockOptionMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_BiopsyKitsMember" abstract="true" name="BiopsyKitsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" abstract="false" name="LeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LongtermInvestmentsMember" abstract="true" name="LongtermInvestmentsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_ProviderorFacilityMember" abstract="true" name="ProviderorFacilityMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_RevenueRevenueRecognizedEffectOf0.5ChangeInTheEstimatedUncollectiblePercentageAmount" abstract="false" name="RevenueRevenueRecognizedEffectOf0.5ChangeInTheEstimatedUncollectiblePercentageAmount" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LesseeOperatingLeaseTenantImprovementAllowancePerSquareFoot" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseTenantImprovementAllowancePerSquareFoot" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LicenseAgreementConsideration" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementConsideration" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_IncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiabilities" abstract="false" name="IncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiabilities" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_RestrictedStockHeldForEmployeeTaxRemittanceIncludedInAccountsPayable" abstract="false" name="RestrictedStockHeldForEmployeeTaxRemittanceIncludedInAccountsPayable" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LeaseLiabilityCurrent" abstract="false" name="LeaseLiabilityCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
