<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with Wdesk from Workiva-->
<!--Copyright 2020 Workiva-->
<!--r:43d0ba38-e301-4b7a-9244-41b258dc4c4a,g:0a468787-69d8-4612-9c06-55490371bb31-->
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:vcel="http://vcel.com/20200930" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:nonnum="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" xmlns:num="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://vcel.com/20200930">
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2020-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2020-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/nonNumeric-2009-12-16.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric-2009-12-16.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="vcel-20200930_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="vcel-20200930_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="vcel-20200930_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="vcel-20200930_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:roleType id="CoverPage" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CoverPage">
        <link:definition>0001001 - Document - Cover Page</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETS" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETS">
        <link:definition>1001002 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETSParenthetical" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETSParenthetical">
        <link:definition>1002003 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFOPERATIONS" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFOPERATIONS">
        <link:definition>1003004 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCOMPREHENSIVEINCOMELOSS" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCOMPREHENSIVEINCOMELOSS">
        <link:definition>1004005 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFSHAREHOLDERSEQUITY" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFSHAREHOLDERSEQUITY">
        <link:definition>1005006 - Statement - CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCASHFLOWS" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCASHFLOWS">
        <link:definition>1006007 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Organization" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/Organization">
        <link:definition>2101101 - Disclosure - Organization</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OrganizationNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/OrganizationNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2402401 - Disclosure - Organization - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BasisofPresentation" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/BasisofPresentation">
        <link:definition>2103102 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BasisofPresentationPolicies" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/BasisofPresentationPolicies">
        <link:definition>2204201 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation - (Policies)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BasisofPresentationTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/BasisofPresentationTables">
        <link:definition>2305301 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BasisofPresentationSupplementarycashflowsinformationDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/BasisofPresentationSupplementarycashflowsinformationDetails">
        <link:definition>2406402 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation - Supplementary cash flows information (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BasisofPresentationNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/BasisofPresentationNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2407403 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RecentAccountingPronouncements" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/RecentAccountingPronouncements">
        <link:definition>2108103 - Disclosure - Recent Accounting Pronouncements</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Revenue" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/Revenue">
        <link:definition>2109104 - Disclosure - Revenue</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/RevenueTables">
        <link:definition>2310302 - Disclosure - Revenue (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/RevenueDetails">
        <link:definition>2411404 - Disclosure - Revenue - (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueDisaggregationofRevenueDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/RevenueDisaggregationofRevenueDetails">
        <link:definition>2412405 - Disclosure - Revenue - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RevenueSchedulesofconcentrationofriskDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/RevenueSchedulesofconcentrationofriskDetails">
        <link:definition>2413406 - Disclosure - Revenue - Schedules of concentration of risk (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SelectedBalanceSheetComponents" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/SelectedBalanceSheetComponents">
        <link:definition>2114105 - Disclosure - Selected Balance Sheet Components</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsTables">
        <link:definition>2315303 - Disclosure - Selected Balance Sheet Components (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofinventoryDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofinventoryDetails">
        <link:definition>2416407 - Disclosure - Selected Balance Sheet Components - Schedule of inventory (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofpropertyandequipmentnetDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofpropertyandequipmentnetDetails">
        <link:definition>2417408 - Disclosure - Selected Balance Sheet Components - Schedule of property and equipment, net (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofaccruedexpensesDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/SelectedBalanceSheetComponentsScheduleofaccruedexpensesDetails">
        <link:definition>2418409 - Disclosure - Selected Balance Sheet Components - Schedule of accrued expenses (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Leases" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/Leases">
        <link:definition>2119106 - Disclosure - Leases</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="LeasesTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/LeasesTables">
        <link:definition>2320304 - Disclosure - Leases (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="LeasesNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/LeasesNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2421410 - Disclosure - Leases - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="LeasesAssetsAndLiabilitiesDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/LeasesAssetsAndLiabilitiesDetails">
        <link:definition>2422411 - Disclosure - Leases - Assets And Liabilities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensation" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/StockBasedCompensation">
        <link:definition>2123107 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensationTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/StockBasedCompensationTables">
        <link:definition>2324305 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensationNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/StockBasedCompensationNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2425412 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensationScheduleofnoncashstockbasedcompensationexpenseDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/StockBasedCompensationScheduleofnoncashstockbasedcompensationexpenseDetails">
        <link:definition>2426413 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of non-cash stock-based compensation expense (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CashEquivalentsandInvestments" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CashEquivalentsandInvestments">
        <link:definition>2127108 - Disclosure - Cash Equivalents and Investments</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CashEquivalentsandInvestmentsTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CashEquivalentsandInvestmentsTables">
        <link:definition>2328306 - Disclosure - Cash Equivalents and Investments (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CashEquivalentsandInvestmentsDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CashEquivalentsandInvestmentsDetails">
        <link:definition>2429414 - Disclosure - Cash Equivalents and Investments (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurements" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/FairValueMeasurements">
        <link:definition>2130109 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurementsTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables">
        <link:definition>2331307 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurementsDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetails">
        <link:definition>2432415 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetIncomeLossPerCommonShare" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/NetIncomeLossPerCommonShare">
        <link:definition>2133110 - Disclosure - Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetIncomeLossPerCommonShareTables" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/NetIncomeLossPerCommonShareTables">
        <link:definition>2334308 - Disclosure - Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetIncomeLossPerCommonShareDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/NetIncomeLossPerCommonShareDetails">
        <link:definition>2435416 - Disclosure - Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NexobridLicenseandSupplyAgreements" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/NexobridLicenseandSupplyAgreements">
        <link:definition>2136111 - Disclosure - Nexobrid License and Supply Agreements</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NexobridLicenseandSupplyAgreementsDetails" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/NexobridLicenseandSupplyAgreementsDetails">
        <link:definition>2437417 - Disclosure - Nexobrid License and Supply Agreements (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingencies" roleURI="http://vcel.com/role/CommitmentsandContingencies">
        <link:definition>2138112 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
    </xs:appinfo>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:element id="vcel_NumberofProducts" abstract="false" name="NumberofProducts" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_CoronaVirusPandemicMember" abstract="true" name="CoronaVirusPandemicMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_PaymentforLicenseAgreement" abstract="false" name="PaymentforLicenseAgreement" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_EpicelMember" abstract="true" name="EpicelMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortization" abstract="false" name="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortization" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_SharebasedCompensationArrangementbySharebasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherthanOptionsGrantsinPeriodAggregateIntrinsicValueNonvested" abstract="false" name="SharebasedCompensationArrangementbySharebasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherthanOptionsGrantsinPeriodAggregateIntrinsicValueNonvested" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_NumberOfContractedSpecialtyPharmacies" abstract="false" name="NumberOfContractedSpecialtyPharmacies" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_OmnibusIncentivePlan2019Member" abstract="true" name="OmnibusIncentivePlan2019Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_AccruedExpensesOtherCurrent" abstract="false" name="AccruedExpensesOtherCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrantIncreaseDecrease" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrantIncreaseDecrease" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_RevenueRevenueRecognizedChangeinUncollectibleAnalysisPercentage" abstract="false" name="RevenueRevenueRecognizedChangeinUncollectibleAnalysisPercentage" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="num:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_OperatingLeaseMonthlyContractualPayment" abstract="false" name="OperatingLeaseMonthlyContractualPayment" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LicenseAgreementTextBlock" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_PriorPlansMember" abstract="true" name="PriorPlansMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_ComputerEquipmentAndComputerSoftwareIntangibleAssetMember" abstract="false" name="ComputerEquipmentAndComputerSoftwareIntangibleAssetMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LongtermInvestmentsMember" abstract="true" name="LongtermInvestmentsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_RightOfUseAsset" abstract="false" name="RightOfUseAsset" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardRatioOfFullValueAwardsAgainstShareReserve" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardRatioOfFullValueAwardsAgainstShareReserve" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:pureItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_MACIImplantsAndKitsAndEpicelMember" abstract="true" name="MACIImplantsAndKitsAndEpicelMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LicenseAgreementContingentConsiderationMaximum" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementContingentConsiderationMaximum" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLeasesTableTextBlock" abstract="false" name="AssetsAndLiabilitiesLeasesTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_RevenueRevenueRecognizedEffectOf0.5ChangeInTheEstimatedUncollectiblePercentageAmount" abstract="false" name="RevenueRevenueRecognizedEffectOf0.5ChangeInTheEstimatedUncollectiblePercentageAmount" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_OperatingLeaseNumberOfLeaseRenewals" abstract="false" name="OperatingLeaseNumberOfLeaseRenewals" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContractualMaturityPeriod" abstract="false" name="DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContractualMaturityPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueExerciseOfWarrants" abstract="false" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueExerciseOfWarrants" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LicenseAgreementConsideration" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementConsideration" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LeaseLiabilityCurrent" abstract="false" name="LeaseLiabilityCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesExerciseOfWarrants" abstract="false" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesExerciseOfWarrants" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_BiopsyKitsMember" abstract="true" name="BiopsyKitsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_ImplantsMember" abstract="true" name="ImplantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_ProviderorFacilityMember" abstract="true" name="ProviderorFacilityMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_IncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiabilities" abstract="false" name="IncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiabilities" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_MediWoundLtdMember" abstract="true" name="MediWoundLtdMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_EmployeeStockAndEmployeeStockOptionMember" abstract="true" name="EmployeeStockAndEmployeeStockOptionMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="nonnum:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LicenseAgreementInitialMilestoneSales" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementInitialMilestoneSales" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" abstract="false" name="LeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_WarrantsExercisedForCommonStock" abstract="false" name="WarrantsExercisedForCommonStock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="vcel_LicenseAgreementContingentConsideration" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementContingentConsideration" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
