e10vq
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
|
|
|
þ |
|
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
|
|
|
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2010 |
OR
|
|
|
o |
|
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
|
|
|
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO |
Commission file number 0-22025
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
|
|
|
Michigan
|
|
94-3096597 |
|
|
|
(State or other jurisdiction of
|
|
(I.R.S. employer |
incorporation or organization)
|
|
identification no.) |
|
|
|
24 Frank Lloyd Wright Dr. |
|
|
P.O. Box 376 |
|
|
Ann Arbor, Michigan
|
|
48106 |
|
|
|
(Address of principal executive offices)
|
|
(Zip code) |
(734) 930-5555
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period
that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, a non-accelerated filer, or smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large
accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer o |
Accelerated filer þ |
Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Smaller reporting company þ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act).Yes o No þ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock as
of the latest practicable date.
|
|
|
COMMON STOCK, NO PAR VALUE
|
|
28,251,787 |
(Class)
|
|
Outstanding at October 31, 2010 |
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
|
|
|
|
|
Item 1. Financial Statements |
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a clinical development stage company)
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited, amounts in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2010 |
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
14,119 |
|
|
$ |
14,466 |
|
Short-term investments |
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Receivables, net |
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
Other current assets |
|
|
383 |
|
|
|
505 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets |
|
|
19,518 |
|
|
|
14,988 |
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
|
1,013 |
|
|
|
982 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
20,531 |
|
|
$ |
15,970 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
|
$ |
1,749 |
|
|
$ |
2,739 |
|
Accrued employee benefits |
|
|
686 |
|
|
|
508 |
|
Current portion of long-term debt |
|
|
226 |
|
|
|
240 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities |
|
|
2,661 |
|
|
|
3,487 |
|
Long-term debt |
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities |
|
|
2,740 |
|
|
|
3,527 |
|
Shareholders equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, no par value; shares authorized
62,500; shares issued and outstanding
28,256 and 28,252, respectively
|
|
|
231,343 |
|
|
|
231,828 |
|
Deficit accumulated during the development stage |
|
|
(213,552 |
) |
|
|
(219,385 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity |
|
|
17,791 |
|
|
|
12,443 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
|
$ |
20,531 |
|
|
$ |
15,970 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
3
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a clinical development stage company)
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited, amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 24, 1989 |
|
|
|
Quarter ended |
|
|
(Inception) to |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Product sales and rentals |
|
$ |
73 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
1,850 |
|
Research and development agreements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,105 |
|
Grants |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,657 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,612 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs and expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of product sales and rentals |
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,035 |
|
Research and development |
|
|
2,911 |
|
|
|
4,167 |
|
|
|
164,933 |
|
Selling, general and administrative |
|
|
946 |
|
|
|
1,686 |
|
|
|
75,545 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total costs and expenses |
|
|
3,889 |
|
|
|
5,853 |
|
|
|
243,513 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from operations |
|
|
(3,816 |
) |
|
|
(5,853 |
) |
|
|
(229,901 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income (expense): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,249 |
|
Interest income |
|
|
28 |
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
10,704 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(13 |
) |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
(469 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other income |
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
11,484 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(3,801 |
) |
|
$ |
(5,833 |
) |
|
$ |
(218,417 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per share (Basic and Diluted) |
|
$ |
(0.18 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.21 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of common shares
outstanding (Basic and Diluted) |
|
|
20,679 |
|
|
|
28,255 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
4
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a clinical development stage company)
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited, amounts in thousands )
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 24, 1989 |
|
|
|
Quarter ended |
|
|
(Inception) to |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(3,801 |
) |
|
$ |
(5,833 |
) |
|
$ |
(218,417 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used for
operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
151 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
6,722 |
|
Loss on property held for resale |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
110 |
|
Amortization of discounts and premiums on investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,704 |
) |
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
47 |
|
|
|
485 |
|
|
|
9,584 |
|
Inventory write downs and reserves |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,239 |
|
Stock issued pursuant to license agreement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,300 |
|
Provision for losses on accounts receivable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
204 |
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Receivables |
|
|
(461 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(266 |
) |
Inventories |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,335 |
) |
Other current assets |
|
|
(238 |
) |
|
|
(122 |
) |
|
|
(485 |
) |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
|
|
482 |
|
|
|
990 |
|
|
|
2,682 |
|
Accrued employee benefits |
|
|
(21 |
) |
|
|
(178 |
) |
|
|
508 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used for operating activities |
|
|
(3,840 |
) |
|
|
(4,530 |
) |
|
|
(197,858 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Organizational costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(73 |
) |
Purchase of short-term investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(217,041 |
) |
Maturities of short-term investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
218,745 |
|
Property and equipment purchases |
|
|
(54 |
) |
|
|
(68 |
) |
|
|
(5,949 |
) |
Proceeds from sale of property held for resale |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities |
|
|
(54 |
) |
|
|
4,932 |
|
|
|
(3,918 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net proceeds from issuance of preferred stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
51,647 |
|
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants |
|
|
4,300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
162,871 |
|
Repurchase of common stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(49 |
) |
Payments received for stock purchase rights |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,500 |
|
Payments received under shareholder notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31 |
|
Restricted cash used as compensating balance |
|
|
68 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from long-term debt |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
751 |
|
Principal payments under long-term debt obligations |
|
|
(117 |
) |
|
|
(55 |
) |
|
|
(2,509 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities |
|
|
4,251 |
|
|
|
(55 |
) |
|
|
216,242 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
357 |
|
|
|
347 |
|
|
|
14,466 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
|
|
17,000 |
|
|
|
14,119 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
|
$ |
17,357 |
|
|
$ |
14,466 |
|
|
$ |
14,466 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
5
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a clinical development stage company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Aastrom Biosciences, Inc. (the Company or Aastrom) was incorporated in March 1989
(Inception), began employee-based operations in 1991, and is in the development stage. The Company
operates its business in one reportable segment research and product development involving the
development of autologous cell products for use in regenerative medicine.
Successful future operations are subject to several technical hurdles and risk factors,
including satisfactory product development, timely initiation and completion of clinical trials,
regulatory approval and market acceptance of the Companys products and the Companys continued
ability to obtain future funding.
The Company is subject to certain risks related to the operation of its business and
development of its products and product candidates. The Company believes that it will have
adequate liquidity to finance its operations, including development of its products and product
candidates, via its cash and cash equivalents on hand as of September 30, 2010 until at least June
30, 2011. While the Companys budgeted cash usage and operating plan through June 30, 2011 does
not currently contemplate taking additional actions to reduce the use of cash over that period, the
Company could, if necessary, delay or forego certain budgeted discretionary expenditures such as
anticipated hiring plans or certain non-critical research and development expenditures, as well as
slow down or delay certain clinical trial activity (without jeopardizing our pursuit of a Phase 3
clinical trial for CLI) such that the Company will have sufficient cash on hand through June 30,
2011. The Company will need to raise additional funds in order to complete its product development
programs, complete clinical trials needed to market its products (including a Phase 3 clinical
trial for CLI), and commercialize these products. The Company cannot be certain that such funding
will be available on favorable terms, if at all. Some of the factors that will impact the Companys
ability to raise additional capital and its overall success include: the rate and degree of
progress for its product development, the rate of regulatory approval to proceed with clinical
trial programs, the level of success achieved in clinical trials, the requirements for marketing
authorization from regulatory bodies in the United States and other countries, the liquidity and
market volatility of the Companys equity securities, regulatory and manufacturing requirements
and uncertainties, technological developments by competitors, and other factors. If the Company
cannot raise such funds, it may not be able to develop or enhance products, take advantage of
future opportunities, or respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated requirements, which
would have a material adverse impact on the Companys business, financial condition and results of
operations.
2. Basis of Presentation
The consolidated condensed financial statements included herein have been prepared in
accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Certain
information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America have been
omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The financial statements reflect, in the opinion of
management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal, recurring adjustments) necessary to state
fairly the financial position and results of operations as of and for the periods indicated. The
results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2010, are not necessarily indicative
of the results to be expected for the full year or for any other
period. The June 30, 2010 consolidated
condensed balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include
all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America.
These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements
and the notes thereto included in our 2010 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30,
2010, as filed with the SEC.
The consolidated condensed financial statements include the accounts of Aastrom and its
wholly-owned subsidiaries, Aastrom Biosciences GmbH, located in Berlin, Germany, Aastrom
Biosciences SL, located in Barcelona, Spain, and Aastrom Biosciences Ltd., located in Dublin,
Ireland (collectively, the Company). All inter-company transactions and accounts have been
eliminated in consolidation. As of September 30, 2010, all subsidiaries had limited operations and
were not a significant component of the consolidated financial statements.
6
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a clinical development stage company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)(Continued)
On February 18, 2010, the Companys board of directors, by unanimous written consent,
authorized an eight-for-one reverse stock split. Accordingly, all references to numbers of common
stock and per share data in the accompanying financial statements have been adjusted to reflect the
reverse stock split on a retroactive basis.
3. Fair Value Measurements
The Company measures certain assets at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value
represents the amount that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a
liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is determined
based upon assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a
basis for considering such assumptions, a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the
inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
|
|
|
Level 1 inputs: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets; |
|
|
|
|
Level 2 inputs: Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable either
directly or indirectly; and |
|
|
|
|
Level 3 inputs: Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require
the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. |
In many cases, a valuation technique used to measure fair value includes inputs from multiple
levels of the fair value hierarchy described above. The lowest level of significant input
determines the placement of the entire fair value measurement in the hierarchy.
At September 30, 2010, the Company had $14,466,000 invested in three money market funds
with maturities of three months or less that are included within the Cash and cash equivalents
line on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet. Because there is an active market for shares in
the money market funds, the Company considers its fair value measures of these investments to be
based on Level 1 inputs. The valuation technique used to measure these assets is a market
approach, using prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving
identical assets. No other assets or liabilities on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet are
measured at fair value.
4. Stock-Based Compensation
The Company has a stock incentive plan (Option Plan) that provides for the issuance of
nonqualified and incentive stock options as well as other equity awards. Such awards may be
granted by the Companys Board of Directors to certain of the Companys employees, directors and
consultants.
Service-Based Stock Options
During the quarter ended September 30, 2010, the Company granted 1,453,000 service-based
options to purchase common stock. These options were granted with exercise prices equal to the
fair value of the Companys stock at the grant date, vest over four years (other than 104,000
non-employee director options which vest over three years) and have lives of ten years. The
weighted average grant-date fair value of service-based options granted under the Companys Option
Plan during the quarters ended September 30, 2009 and 2010 was $2.16 and $0.95, respectively.
The net compensation costs recorded for the service-based stock options related to employees
and directors (including the impact of the forfeitures) were approximately $38,000 and $485,000 for
the quarters ended September 30, 2009 and 2010, respectively. Included in net compensation cost
for the quarter ended September 30, 2009 was the reversal of previously recognized expense of
$279,000 for options held by our former Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Financial
Officer, George W. Dunbar, that were forfeited in excess of our estimated rate of forfeiture.
7
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a clinical development stage company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)(Continued)
The fair value of each service-based stock option grant for the reported periods is
estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the weighted
average assumptions noted in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended September 30, |
Service-Based Stock Options |
|
2009 |
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected dividend rate |
|
|
0% |
|
|
|
0% |
|
Expected stock price volatility |
|
|
72.3% - 72.8% |
|
|
|
70.6% - 71.4% |
|
Risk free interest rate |
|
|
2.8% - 3.0% |
|
|
|
1.7% - 2.1% |
|
Estimated forfeiture rate (per annum) |
|
|
10% |
|
|
|
10% |
|
Expected life (years) |
|
|
6.3 |
|
|
|
6.0 - 6.3 |
|
The following table summarizes the activity for service-based stock options for the indicated
periods:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
Remaining |
|
|
Intrinsic |
|
Service-Based Stock Options |
|
Options |
|
|
Exercise Price |
|
|
Contractual Term |
|
|
Value |
|
Outstanding at June 30, 2010 |
|
|
3,283,180 |
|
|
$ |
3.40 |
|
|
|
8.6 |
|
|
$ |
2,750 |
|
Granted |
|
|
1,453,000 |
|
|
$ |
1.49 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited or expired |
|
|
(411,849 |
) |
|
$ |
5.44 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at September 30, 2010 |
|
|
4,324,331 |
|
|
$ |
2.56 |
|
|
|
9.0 |
|
|
$ |
114,050 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable at September 30, 2010 |
|
|
768,914 |
|
|
$ |
6.06 |
|
|
|
6.5 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of September 30, 2010 there was approximately $2,624,000 of total unrecognized compensation
cost related to non-vested service-based stock options granted under the Option Plan. That cost is
expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years.
Performance-Based Stock Options
There were no grants of performance-based stock options during the three months ended
September 30, 2010. There have been no changes to the terms of the performance-based stock
options from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2010.
For the three months ended September 30, 2010, management reviewed the progress toward the
performance conditions necessary for these options to vest and concluded that it was not yet
probable that the performance conditions of any of the tranches of options would be met and,
accordingly, no compensation expense has been recorded.
The following table summarizes the activity for performance-based stock options for the
indicated period:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
Remaining |
|
|
Intrinsic |
|
Performance-Based Stock Options |
|
Options |
|
|
Exercise Price |
|
|
Contractual Term |
|
|
Value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at June 30, 2010 |
|
|
40,164 |
|
|
$ |
12.17 |
|
|
|
6.4 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
Forfeited or expired |
|
|
(2,083 |
) |
|
$ |
12.24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at September 30, 2010 |
|
|
38,081 |
|
|
$ |
12.17 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a clinical development stage company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)(Continued)
The aggregate estimated fair value of these awards that are outstanding as of September 30,
2010 was approximately $309,000.
5. Net Loss Per Common Share
Net loss per common share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares
outstanding during the period. Common equivalent shares are not included in the diluted per share
calculation where the effect of their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. The aggregate number of
common equivalent shares (related to options and warrants) that have been excluded from the
computations of diluted net loss per common share for the periods ended September 30, 2009 and 2010
was approximately 2,599,000 and 9,985,000, respectively.
9
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Overview
We were incorporated in 1989 and are a regenerative medicine company focused on the
development of innovative cell therapies to repair or regenerate damaged or diseased tissues. We
are currently focused on developing autologous cell therapies for the treatment of severe, chronic
cardiovascular diseases. Using our proprietary technology, we are able to expand the number of
stem and early progenitor cells from a small amount of bone marrow (approximately 50 ml) collected
from the patient. Preclinical and interim clinical data suggest that our cell therapy is effective
in treating patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). We are currently investigating the
effectiveness of our therapy in other severe, chronic cardiovascular diseases, such as dilated
cardiomyopathy (DCM). Nearly 200 patients have been treated in recent clinical trials using our
current cell therapy (over 400 patients safely treated since our inception) with no treatment
related adverse events or safety issues.
Our technology is an autologous, expanded cellular therapy developed, using our proprietary,
automated cell processing system, which utilizes single-pass perfusion to produce human cell
products for clinical use. Single-pass perfusion is our patented manufacturing technology for
growing large numbers of human cells. The production of our cell therapy products is done under
current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) guidelines required by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (FDA). Our therapies begin with a small amount of the patients own bone marrow to
produce large numbers of stem and early progenitor cells, many times more than what is found in the
patients bone marrow. Our proprietary mixture of cell types may be capable of developing into
cardiovascular and other tissues as well as stimulating a patients own existing repair mechanisms.
Our cellular therapies have several features that we believe are critical for success in
treating patients with severe, chronic cardiovascular diseases:
Safe our bone marrow derived, expanded, autologous cellular therapy
leverages decades of scientific and medical experience, as bone marrow and bone
marrow-like therapies have been used safely and efficaciously in medicine for
decades.
Autologous we start with the patients own cells, which are accepted by the
patients immune system allowing the cells to differentiate and integrate into
existing functional tissues, and may provide long-term engraftment and repair.
Expanded we begin with a small amount of bone marrow from a patient
(approximately 50 ml) and significantly expand the number of stem and
progenitor cells to more than are present in the patients own bone marrow.
A mixed population of cells we believe our proprietary mixture of cell
populations contains the cell types required for tissue regeneration, which are
also found in natural bone marrow, though in smaller quantities.
Minimally invasive our procedure for taking bone marrow (an aspirate) can
be performed in an out-patient setting and takes approximately 15 minutes. For
diseases such as CLI, the administration of our therapy can be performed in an
out-patient setting in a short procedure. We are pursuing a minimally invasive
approach to cell delivery in diseases such as DCM.
Our cell therapies are produced at our cell manufacturing facility in the United States,
located at our headquarters in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Our clinical development programs are focused on advancing therapies for unmet medical needs
in cardiovascular diseases. Our CLI program is currently in phase 2b clinical development, and we
expect it to advance to Phase 3 development in 2011. Our DCM program is in early Phase 2 clinical
development and is focused on achieving proof of concept in this indication.
Results to date in our clinical trials may not be indicative of results obtained from
subsequent patients enrolled in those trials or from future clinical trials. Further, our future
clinical trials may not be successful or we may not be
10
able to obtain the required Biologic License Application (BLA) registration in the United States
for our products in a timely fashion, or at all.
Critical Limb Ischemia
CLI is the most serious and advanced stage of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD is a
chronic disease that progressively restricts blood flow in the limbs and can lead to serious
medical complications. This disease is often associated with other clinical conditions including
hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity and stroke. CLI is used to
describe patients with the most severe forms of PAD: those with chronic ischemia-induced pain
(even at rest), ulcers, tissue loss or gangrene in the limbs, often leading to amputation and
death. CLI leads to more than 160,000 amputations per year. The one-year and four-year mortality
rates for no-option CLI patients that progress to amputation are approximately 25% and 80%,
respectively. Our technology has shown promise in the treatment of CLI.
In June 2010, we reported results from the planned interim analysis of our multi-center,
randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled U.S. Phase 2b RESTORE-CLI clinical trial. This
clinical trial is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of our therapy in the treatment of
patients with CLI. It is the largest multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
cellular therapy study ever conducted in CLI patients. We completed enrollment of this trial in
February 2010 with a total of 86 patients at 18 sites across the United States. These patients are
being followed for a period of 12 months following treatment. In addition to assessing the safety
of our product, efficacy endpoints include amputation-free survival, time to first occurrence of
treatment failure (defined as major amputation, all-cause mortality, doubling in wound size and de
novo gangrene), major amputation rates, level of amputation, complete wound healing, patient
quality of life, and pain scores.
Results from the RESTORE-CLI interim analysis were presented at the Society of Vascular
Surgery Meeting in June 2010. The results included the finding that amputation free survival
defined as time to major amputation or death was statistically significant in favor of our
therapy (p=0.038). Additionally, statistical analysis revealed a significant increase in time to
treatment failure (e.g., major amputation, doubling in wound size de novo gangrene, and death)
(log-rank test, p=0.0053). Other endpoints measured (e.g., major amputation rate, complete wound
healing, change in Wagner wound scale) showed encouraging trends, but had not yet reached
statistical significance at the interim analysis. The primary purpose of the interim analysis was
to assess performance of our therapy and, if positive, to help plan the Phase 3 program.
Discussions held with the FDA in June 2010 confirmed the appropriateness of using amputation free
survival as the primary endpoint for the Phase 3 program. The last patient enrolled in this trial
was treated in March 2010 and we expect to present six-month data on all patients in this study
later this year.
We continue to make progress towards the Phase 3 clinical development program in CLI. In
October, we announced that the FDA had granted fast track designation for the use of our cellular
therapy for the CLI indication. The fast track program is designed to facilitate the development
and expedite the review of new drugs and biologics intended to treat serious or life-threatening
conditions and that demonstrate the potential to address unmet medical needs. At the June FDA
meeting, Aastrom was encouraged to use the Special Protocol Assessment (SPA) process for the Phase
3 program. The SPAs supporting the Phase 3 program were submitted in October of 2010.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
In February 2007, the FDA granted Orphan Drug Designation to our investigational therapy
involving the use of our therapy in the treatment of DCM. DCM is a severe, chronic cardiovascular
disease that leads to enlargement of the heart, reducing the pumping function of the heart to the
point that blood circulation is impaired. Patients with DCM typically present with symptoms of
congestive heart failure, including limitations in physical activity and shortness of breath.
There are two types of DCM: ischemic and non-ischemic. Ischemic DCM, the most common form, is
associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Among other causes, non-ischemic DCM can
be triggered by toxin exposure, virus or genetic diseases. Patient prognosis depends on the stage
of the disease but is typically characterized by a high mortality rate. Other than heart
transplantation or ventricular assist devices, there
11
are currently no effective treatment options for end-stage patients with this disease. According to the book, Heart
Failure: A Combined Medical and Surgical Approach (2007), DCM affects 200,000-400,000 patients in
the United States alone.
Our DCM development program is currently in Phase 2 and we have two ongoing U.S. Phase 2
trials investigating surgical and catheter-based delivery for our product in the treatment of DCM.
In May 2008, the FDA activated our IND application for surgical delivery of our therapy. The
40-patient U.S. IMPACT-DCM clinical trial began with the treatment of the first patient in November
2008. This multi-center, randomized, controlled, prospective, open-label, Phase 2 study was
designed to include 20 patients with ischemic DCM and 20 patients with non-ischemic DCM. We
completed enrollment of the 40 patients in the IMPACT-DCM clinical trial in January 2010 and the
final patient was treated in March 2010. We expect to report interim results of all patients who
have completed six months of follow-up during fiscal year 2011.
Participants in the IMPACT-DCM clinical trial were required to have New York Heart Association
(NYHA) functional class III or IV heart failure, a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of
less than or equal to 30% (60-75% is typical for a healthy person), and meet other eligibility
criteria, including optimized medical therapy. Patients were randomized in an approximate 3:1 ratio
of treatment to control group. Patients in the treatment group received our therapy through direct
injection into the heart muscle during minimally invasive-surgery (involving a chest incision of
approximately 2 inches). The primary objective of this study is to assess the safety of our therapy
in patients with DCM. Efficacy measures include cardiac dimensions and tissue mass, cardiac
function (e.g. cardiac output, LVEF, cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters), cardiac
perfusion and viability, as well as other efficacy endpoints. NYHA functional class and quality of
life are also assessed. Patients will be followed for 12 months post-treatment.
In November 2009, the FDA activated our second IND application to allow for the evaluation of
our therapy delivered by a percutaneous catheter as opposed to surgically. The Catheter-DCM
clinical trial is designed to explore catheter-based delivery of our therapy to treat DCM patients.
This multi-center, randomized, controlled, prospective, open-label, Phase 2 study will enroll up
to 12 patients with ischemic DCM and 12 patients with non-ischemic DCM at clinical sites across the
United States. Participants must meet the same criteria above for the IMPACT-DCM surgical trial.
The first patient was enrolled into the trial in April 2010 and enrollment is progressing. As of
October 31, 2010, 20 patients had been enrolled in the study and we expect to conclude enrollment
by December 2010.
Results of Operations
The Company had no revenue during the quarter ended September 30, 2010 compared to $73,000 for
the quarter ended September 30, 2009. Sales in 2009 related to cell production sales for
investigator sponsored clinical trials in Spain and limited cell manufacturing supplies to a
research institute in the United States. At such time as we satisfy applicable regulatory approval
requirements, we expect the sales of our cell-based products will constitute nearly all of our
product sales revenues.
Research and development expenses were $4,167,000 for the quarter ended September 30, 2010,
compared to $2,911,000 for the quarter ended September 30, 2009. This increase was associated with
preparations for the Phase 3 CLI development program. Research and development expenses also include non-cash stock-based compensation
expense of $255,000 and $186,000 for the quarters ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively,
which reflects the increased headcount from the prior year.
Selling, general and administrative expenses were $1,686,000 for the quarter ended September
30, 2010, compared to $946,000 for the quarter ended September 30, 2009. The increase relates to
employee expenses, general consulting costs and an increase in non-cash stock-based compensation
expense to $230,000 for the quarter ended September 30, 2010, from a net expense reversal of
$139,000 for the quarter ended September 30, 2009.
12
Stock-based compensation expense for the quarter ended September 30, 2009 was impacted by the reversal of previously recognized expense of
$279,000 for options held by our former Chief Executive Officer, President and
Chief Financial Officer, George W. Dunbar, that were forfeited in excess of our estimated rate
of forfeiture. The remaining increase from the prior year is primarily due the hiring of new
senior management subsequent to the first quarter of fiscal 2010.
Our net loss was $5,833,000, or $0.21 per share for the quarter ended September 30, 2010,
compared to $3,801,000, or $0.18 per share for the quarter ended September 30, 2009. The changes
in net loss are due to the fluctuations in research and development expenses and selling, general
and administrative expenses as described above. The loss per share comparisons are impacted by the
issuance of 6.5 million shares of common stock on January 21, 2010.
Our major ongoing research and development programs are focused on the clinical development of
our technology platform for treatment of severe, chronic cardiovascular diseases. Research and
development expenses outside of the development of our technology platform consist primarily of
engineering and cell production costs.
Because of the uncertainties of clinical trials and the evolving regulatory requirements
applicable to our products, estimating the completion dates or cost to complete our major research
and development programs would be highly speculative and subjective. The risks and uncertainties
associated with developing our products, including significant and changing governmental regulation
and the uncertainty of future clinical study results, are discussed in greater detail under the
caption Risk Factors in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended June
30, 2010. The lengthy process of seeking regulatory approvals for our product candidates, and the
subsequent compliance with applicable regulations, will require the expenditure of substantial
resources. Any failure by us to obtain, or any delay in obtaining, regulatory approvals could
cause our research and development expenditures to increase and, in turn, could have a material
adverse effect on our results of operations. We cannot be certain when any net cash inflow from
products validated under our major research and development project, if any, will commence.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We are currently focused on utilizing our technology to produce autologous cell-based products
for use in regenerative medicine applications. At such time as we satisfy applicable regulatory
approval requirements, we expect the sales of our cell-based products to constitute nearly all of
our product sales revenues.
We do not expect to generate positive cash flows from our consolidated operations for at least
the next several years and then only if we achieve significant product sales. Until that time, we
expect that our revenue sources from our current activities will consist of only minor sales of our
cell products and manufacturing supplies to our academic collaborators, grant revenue, research
funding and potential licensing fees or other financial support from potential future corporate
collaborators.
To date, we have financed our operations primarily through public and private sales of our
equity securities, and we expect to continue to seek to obtain the required capital in a similar
manner. As a development stage company, we have never been profitable and do not anticipate having
net income unless and until significant product sales commence. With respect to our current
activities, this is not likely to occur until we obtain significant additional funding, complete
the required clinical trials for regulatory approvals, and receive the necessary approvals to
market our products. Through September 30, 2010, we had accumulated a net loss of approximately
$218,417,000. We cannot provide any assurance that we will be able to achieve profitability on a
sustained basis, if at all, obtain the required funding, obtain the required regulatory approvals,
or complete additional corporate partnering or acquisition transactions.
We have financed our operations since inception primarily through public and private sales of
our equity securities, which, from inception through September 30, 2010, have totaled approximately
$231,828,000 and, to a lesser degree, through grant funding, payments received under research
agreements and collaborations, interest
13
earned on cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments, and funding under equipment leasing agreements. These financing sources have
generally allowed us to maintain adequate levels of cash and other liquid investments.
Our combined cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaled $14,466,000 at
September 30, 2010, a decrease of $4,653,000 from June 30, 2010. The primary use of cash, cash
equivalents and short-term investments during the quarter ended September 30, 2010 included
$4,549,000 to finance our operations and working capital
requirements, and $68,000 in capital
expenditures.
Our cash and cash equivalents included money market securities with maturities of three months
or less.
Our future cash requirements will depend on many factors, including continued scientific
progress in our research and development programs, the scope and results of clinical trials, the
time and costs involved in obtaining regulatory approvals, the costs involved in filing,
prosecuting and enforcing patents, competing technological and market developments, costs of
possible acquisition or development of complementary business activities and the cost of product
commercialization. We do not expect to generate positive cash flows from operations for at least
the next several years due to the expected spending for research and development programs and the
cost of commercializing our product candidates. We intend to seek additional funding through
research and development agreements or grants, distribution and marketing agreements and through
public or private debt or equity financing transactions. Successful future operations are subject
to several technical and risk factors, including our continued ability to obtain future funding,
satisfactory product development, obtaining regulatory approval and market acceptance for our
products.
We believe that we will have adequate liquidity to finance our operations, including
development of our products and product candidates, via our cash and cash equivalents on hand as of
September 30, 2010 until at least June 30, 2011. While our budgeted cash usage and operating plan
through June 30, 2011 does not currently contemplate taking additional actions to reduce the use of
cash over that period, we could, if necessary, delay or forego certain budgeted discretionary
expenditures such as anticipated hiring plans or certain non-critical research and development
expenditures. In addition, we could slow down or delay certain clinical trial activity (without
jeopardizing our pursuit of a Phase 3 clinical trial for CLI) such that we will have sufficient
cash on hand through June 30, 2011. The Company will need to raise additional funds in order
to complete its product development programs, complete clinical trials needed to market its
products (including for a Phase 3 clinical trial for CLI), and commercialize these products. The
Company cannot be certain that such funding will be available on favorable terms, if at all. Some
of the factors that will impact the Companys ability to raise additional capital and its overall
success include: the rate and degree of progress for its product development, the rate of
regulatory approval to proceed with clinical trial programs, the level of success achieved in
clinical trials, the requirements for marketing authorization from regulatory bodies in the United
States and other countries, the liquidity and market volatility of the Companys equity
securities, regulatory and manufacturing requirements and uncertainties, technological developments
by competitors, and other factors. If the Company cannot raise such funds, it may not be able to
develop or enhance products, take advantage of future opportunities, or respond to competitive
pressures or unanticipated requirements, which would have a material adverse impact on the
Companys business, financial condition and results of operations. These estimates are based
on certain assumptions which could be negatively impacted by the matters discussed under this
heading and under the caption Risk Factors, in Item 1A of our 2010 Annual Report on Form 10-K
filed with the SEC.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
At September 30, 2010, we were not party to any off-balance sheet arrangements.
14
Forward-Looking Statements
This report, including the documents that we incorporate by reference, contains
forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Any statements about our
expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance are not historical facts and may be forward-looking. These statements are often,
but are not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as anticipates, estimates,
plans, projects, trends, opportunity, comfortable, current, intention, position,
assume, potential, outlook, remain, continue, maintain, sustain, seek, achieve,
continuing, ongoing, expects, management believes, we believe, we intend and similar
words or phrases, or future or conditional verbs such as will, would, should, could, may,
or similar expressions. Accordingly, these statements involve estimates, assumptions and
uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in them.
The factors described in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year-ended June 30, 2010, among others, could have a material adverse effect upon our business,
results of operations and financial conditions.
Because the factors referred to in the preceding paragraph could cause actual results or
outcomes to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements we make, you
should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Further, any
forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we undertake no
obligation to update any forward-looking statement or statements to reflect events or circumstances
after the date on which such statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated
events. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which
factors will arise. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the
extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ
materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. These forward-looking
statements include statements regarding:
|
|
|
potential strategic collaborations with others; |
|
|
|
|
future capital needs and financing sources; |
|
|
|
|
adequacy of existing capital to support operations for a specified time; |
|
|
|
|
product development and marketing plan; |
|
|
|
|
clinical trial plans and anticipated results; |
|
|
|
|
anticipation of future losses; |
|
|
|
|
commercialization plans; and |
|
|
|
|
revenue expectations and operating results. |
15
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Not Applicable.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of
management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (CEO and CFO) of
the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Companys disclosure controls and procedures
as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(the Exchange Act). Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that the Companys
disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of September
30, 2010 to ensure that information related to the Company required to be disclosed in reports the
Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported
within the time periods specified in the SECs rules and forms, and (ii) accumulated and
communicated to the Companys management, including the CEO and CFO, to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosure. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no
evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that the Companys disclosure controls and
procedures will detect or uncover every situation involving the failure of persons within the
Company to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in the Companys
periodic reports; however, the Companys disclosure controls are designed to provide reasonable
assurance that they will achieve their objective of timely alerting the CEO and CFO to the
information relating to the Company required to be disclosed in the Companys periodic reports
required to be filed with the SEC.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During our first quarter of fiscal 2011, there were no changes made in our internal control
over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange
Act) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Companys
internal control over financial reporting.
16
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time we receive threats or may be subject to litigation matters incidental to our
business. However, we are not currently a party to any material pending legal proceedings.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Information regarding risk factors of the Company is set forth in Item 1A, Risk Factors in
the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2010. There have been no
material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in the Companys Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended June 30, 2010.
Item 6. Exhibits
The Exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index immediately following the Signature, are filed as a
part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
17
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Date: November 8, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
|
|
|
/s/ Timothy M. Mayleben
|
|
|
Timothy M. Mayleben |
|
|
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer) |
|
18
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
10.1
|
|
Form of indemnification agreement entered into between the Company and each of its
directors, including Timothy M. Mayleben, a director and the Companys President and Chief
Executive Officer, attached as Exhibit 10.1 to Aastroms Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
August 31, 2010, incorporated herein by reference. |
31.1
|
|
Certification by Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (furnished herewith). |
31.2
|
|
Certification by Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (furnished herewith). |
32.1
|
|
Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith). |
19
GLOSSARY
|
|
|
TERM |
|
DEFINITION |
Adverse Event
|
|
Any adverse change in health or
side-effect that occurs in a
person participating in a
clinical trial, from the time
they consent to joining the
trial until a pre-specified
period of time after their
treatment has been completed. |
|
|
|
Autologous
|
|
Originating from the patient
receiving treatment. (Aastrom
uses only autologous cells) |
|
|
|
BLA Biologics License Application
|
|
An application containing
product safety, efficacy and
manufacturing information
required by the FDA to market
biologics products in the U.S. |
|
|
|
Catheter-DCM
|
|
Aastroms U.S. Phase 2 clinical
trial investigating
catheter-based delivery of our
product in the treatment of
dilated cardiomyopathy. |
|
|
|
CLI Critical Limb Ischemia
|
|
A vascular disease
characterized by insufficient
blood flow in the lower
extremities that causes severe
pain, tissue loss or both. |
|
|
|
Controlled Clinical Trial
|
|
A clinical study that compares
patients receiving a specific
treatment to patients receiving
an alternate treatment for the
condition of interest. The
alternate treatment may be
another active treatment,
standard of care for the
condition and/or a placebo
(inactive) treatment. |
|
|
|
DCM Dilated Cardiomyopathy
|
|
A chronic cardiac disease where
expansion of the patients
heart reduces the pumping
function to a point that the
normal circulation of blood
cannot be maintained. |
|
|
|
Double-Blind Clinical Trial
|
|
Clinical trials in which
neither the patient nor the
physician know if the patient
received the experimental
treatment or a control/placebo. |
|
|
|
FDA Food & Drug Administration
|
|
The U.S. FDA ensures that
medicines, medical devices, and
radiation-emitting consumer
products are safe and
effective. Authorized by
Congress to enforce the Federal
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
and several other public health
laws, the agency monitors the
manufacture, import, transport,
storage, and sale of $1
trillion worth of goods
annually. |
|
|
|
GMP Good Manufacturing Practice
|
|
GMP regulations require that
manufacturers, processors, and
packagers of drugs, medical
devices, some food, and blood
take proactive steps to ensure
that their products are safe,
pure, and effective. GMP
regulations require a quality
approach to manufacturing,
enabling companies to minimize
or eliminate instances of
contamination, mix-ups, and
errors. |
|
|
|
IMPACT-DCM
|
|
Aastroms U.S. Phase 2 clinical
trial investigating surgical
delivery of our product in the
treatment of dilated
cardiomyopathy. |
|
|
|
IND Investigational New Drug
|
|
An application submitted to the
FDA for a new drug or biologic
that, if allowed, will be used
in a clinical trial. |
|
|
|
Ischemia
|
|
A shortage or inadequate flow
of blood to a body part
(commonly an organ or tissue)
caused by a constriction or
obstruction of the blood
vessels supplying it. |
20
|
|
|
TERM |
|
DEFINITION |
LVEF Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
|
|
The fraction of blood pumped
out of the left ventricle with
each heart beat. |
|
|
|
Open-label Clinical Trial
|
|
A trial in which both the
treating physician and the
patient know whether they are
receiving the experimental
treatment or control/placebo
treatment. |
|
|
|
Orphan Drug Designation
|
|
Orphan drug refers to a drug
or biologic that is intended
for use in the treatment of a
rare disease or condition.
Orphan drug designation from
the U.S. Food and Drug
Association (FDA) qualifies the
sponsor to receive certain
benefits from the Government in
exchange for developing the
drug for a rare disease or
condition. The drug must then
go through the FDA marketing
approval process like any other
drug or biologic which
evaluates for safety and
efficacy. Usually a sponsor
receives a quicker review time
and lower application fees for
an orphan product. |
|
|
|
Phase 1 Clinical Trial
|
|
A Phase 1 trial represents an
initial study in a small group
of patients to test for safety
and other relevant factors. |
|
|
|
Phase 2 Clinical Trial
|
|
A Phase 2 trial represents a
study in a moderate number of
patients to assess the safety
and efficacy of a product. |
|
|
|
Phase 2b Clinical Trial
|
|
A Phase 2b trial is a
moderately-sized Phase 2 trial
that is more specifically
designed assess the efficacy of
a product than a Phase 2a
trial. |
|
|
|
Phase 3 Clinical Trial
|
|
Phase 3 studies are initiated
to establish safety and
efficacy in an expanded patient
population at multiple clinical
trial sites and are generally
larger than trials in earlier
phases of development. |
|
|
|
Progenitor Cells
|
|
A parent cell that gives rise
to a distinct cell lineage by a
series of cell divisions. |
|
|
|
Prospective Clinical Trial
|
|
A clinical trial in which
participants are identified and
then followed throughout the
study going forward in time. |
|
|
|
Randomized Clinical Trial
|
|
A clinical trial in which the
participants are assigned
randomly to different treatment
groups. |
|
|
|
SPP Single-Pass Perfusion
|
|
SPP is Aastroms proprietary
technology that controls gas
and cell culture media exchange
to enable the replication of
early-stage stem and progenitor
cells while preventing their
differentiation into mature
cells. |
|
|
|
Stem Cell
|
|
Unspecialized
(undifferentiated) cells that
retain the ability to divide
throughout a lifetime and give
rise to more specialized
(differentiated) cells which
take the place of cells that
die or are lost. |
|
|
|
|
|
In culture, these
undifferentiated cells possess
the ability to divide for
indefinite periods in culture
and may give rise to highly
specialized cells. |
21
exv31w1
EXHIBIT 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Timothy M. Mayleben, certify that:
|
1. |
|
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Aastrom Biosciences, Inc.; |
|
|
2. |
|
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of
the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the
period covered by this report; |
|
|
3. |
|
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information
included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition,
results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report; |
|
|
4. |
|
The registrants other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and
maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e)
and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls
and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information
relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us
by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is
being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal
control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls and procedures
and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure
controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on
such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal control over
financial reporting that occurred during the registrants most recent fiscal quarter
(the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants
internal control over financial reporting.
|
5. |
|
The registrants other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most
recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrants
auditors and the audit committee of the registrants board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions): |
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of
internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely
affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who
have a significant role in the registrants internal control over financial reporting.
Date: November 8, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Timothy M. Mayleben
|
|
|
Timothy M. Mayleben |
|
|
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer) |
|
exv31w2
EXHIBIT 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Scott C. Durbin, certify that:
|
1. |
|
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Aastrom Biosciences, Inc.; |
|
|
2. |
|
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of
the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the
period covered by this report; |
|
|
3. |
|
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information
included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition,
results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods
presented in this report; |
|
|
4. |
|
The registrants other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and
maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e)
and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls
and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information
relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us
by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is
being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal
control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls and procedures
and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure
controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on
such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal control over
financial reporting that occurred during the registrants most recent fiscal quarter
(the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants
internal control over financial reporting.
|
5. |
|
The registrants other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most
recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrants
auditors and the audit committee of the registrants board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions): |
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of
internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely
affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who
have a significant role in the registrants internal control over financial reporting.
Date: November 8, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Scott C. Durbin
|
|
|
Scott C. Durbin |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
|
exv32w1
EXHIBIT 32.1
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Aastrom Biosciences, Inc. (the Company) on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on the date hereof (the Report), each of the undersigned officers of the
Company certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Section 906), the following:
|
(1) |
|
The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) and 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
|
|
(2) |
|
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects,
the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
Date: November 8, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Timothy M. Mayleben
|
|
|
Timothy M. Mayleben
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Scott C. Durbin
|
|
|
Scott C. Durbin |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
|
|
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Aastrom
Biosciences, Inc. and will be retained by Aastrom Biosciences, Inc. and furnished to the Securities
and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.